1. Tour De France 2019 Stages

Cycling competitionTour de FranceRace detailsDateJulyRegionand nearby countriesLocal name(s)Tour de France (in French)Nickname(s)La Grande BoucleDisciplineRoadCompetitionTypeStage race (Grand Tour)OrganiserRace directorWeb siteHistoryFirst edition1 July 1903; 116 years ago ( 1903-07-01)Editions106 (as of )First winner( FRA)Most wins( FRA)( BEL)( FRA)( ESP) ( 5 wins each)Most recent( COL)The Tour de France ( French pronunciation: ​ ) is an annual men's primarily held in, while also occasionally passing through nearby countries. Like the other (the and the ), it consists of 21 day-long stages over the course of 23 days. It has been described as 'the world’s most prestigious and most difficult bicycle race'.The race was first organized in to increase sales for the newspaper and is currently run by the.

The race has been held annually since its first edition in 1903 except when it was stopped for the two. As the Tour gained prominence and popularity, the race was lengthened and its reach began to extend around the globe. Participation expanded from a primarily French field, as riders from all over the world began to participate in the race each year. The Tour is a event, which means that the teams that compete in the race are mostly, with the exception of the teams that the organizers invite.

It has become 'the world's biggest annual sporting event.' A was held under different names between 1984 and 2009. Since 2014, the is held for women in a one- or two-day format during the men's race.Traditionally, the race is held primarily in the month of July. While the route changes each year, the format of the race stays the same with the appearance of time trials, the passage through the mountain chains of the and the, and the finish on the in.

The modern editions of the Tour de France consist of 21 day-long segments (stages) over a 23-day period and cover around 3,500 kilometres (2,200 mi). The race alternates between clockwise and counterclockwise circuits of France.There are usually between 20 and 22 teams, with eight riders in each. All of the stages are timed to the finish; the riders' times are compounded with their previous stage times.

The rider with the lowest cumulative finishing times is the leader of the race and wears the yellow jersey. While the general classification garners the most attention, there are other contests held within the Tour: the for the sprinters, the for the climbers, for riders under the age of 26, and the, based on the first three finishers from each team on each stage. Achieving a stage win also provides prestige, often accomplished by a team's specialist or a rider taking part in a breakaway. Pictured at the. He is the rider who has worn the yellow jersey as leader of the for the most days without ever winning the race.The oldest and most sought after classification in the Tour de France is the general classification. All of the stages are timed to the finish.

The riders' times are compounded with their previous stage times; so the rider with the lowest aggregate time is the leader of the race. The leader is determined after each stage's conclusion: he gains the privilege to wear the yellow jersey, presented on a podium in the stage's finishing town, for the next stage. If a rider is leading more than one classification that awards a jersey, he wears the yellow one, since the general classification is the most important one in the race.

Tour De France 2019 Stages

Between and inclusive, in response to concerns about rider cheating in the, the general classification was awarded according to a point-based system based on their placings in each stage, and the rider with the lowest total of points after the Tour's conclusion was the winner.The leader in the was awarded a green armband. The yellow jersey (The color yellow was chosen as the magazine that created the Tour, printed its newspapers on yellow paper), was added to the race in the 1919 edition and it has since become a symbol of the Tour de France. The first rider to wear the yellow jersey was. Riders usually try to make the extra effort to keep the jersey for as long as possible in order to get more publicity for the team and its sponsors.

Has worn the yellow jersey for 96 stages, which is more than any other rider in the history of the Tour de France. Four riders have won the general classification five times in their career:, and.Mountains classification.

In theThe leader of the classification is determined the same way as the general classification, with the riders' times being added up after each stage and the eligible rider with lowest aggregate time is dubbed the leader. The Young rider classification is restricted to the riders that are under the age of 26. Originally the classification was restricted to neo-professionals – riders that are in their first three years of professional racing – until. In 1983, the organizers made it so that only first time riders were eligible for the classification.

In, the organizers changed the rules of the classification to what they are today.This classification was added to the Tour de France in the, with being the first to win the classification after placing seventh overall. The Tour de France awards a white jersey to the leader of the classification, although this was not done between 1989 and 2000. Five riders have won both the young rider classification and the general classification in the same year: (1983), , , , and. Two riders have won the young rider classification three times in their respective careers: Jan Ullrich and Andy Schleck.As of 2015 Jersey sponsor is Optician company Krys, replacing Škoda who moved to the Green Jersey.Minor classifications and prizes The goes to the rider who most animates the day, usually by trying to break clear of the field. The most combative rider wears a number printed white-on-red instead of black-on-white next day. An award goes to the most aggressive rider throughout the Tour.

Already in 1908 a sort of combativity award was offered, when Sports Populaires and L'Education Physique created Le Prix du Courage, 100 francs and a silver gilt medal for 'the rider having finished the course, even if unplaced, who is particularly distinguished for the energy he has used.' The modern competition started in 1958. In 1959, a Super Combativity award for the most combative cyclist of the Tour was awarded. It was initially not awarded every year, but since 1981 it has been given annually. Eddy Merckx has the most wins (4) for the overall award.The is assessed by adding the time of each team's best three riders each day.

The competition does not have its own jersey but since 2006 the leading team has worn numbers printed black-on-yellow. Until 1990, the leading team would wear yellow caps. As of 2012, the riders of the leading team wear yellow helmets. During the era of national teams, France and Belgium won 10 times each. From 1973 up to 1988, there was also a team classification based on points (stage classification); members of the leading team would wear green caps.Historical classifications There has been an, which from 1984 awarded a red jersey for points awarded to the first three to pass intermediate points during the stage. These sprints also scored points towards the points classification and bonuses towards the general classification. The intermediate sprints classification with its red jersey was abolished in 1989, but the intermediate sprints have remained, offering points for the points classification and, until 2007, time bonuses for the general classification.From 1968 there was a, scored on a points system based on standings in the general, points and mountains classifications.

The design was originally white, then a patchwork with areas resembling each individual jersey design. This was also abolished in 1989. Lanterne rouge The rider who has taken most time is called the ( red lantern, as in the red light at the back of a vehicle so it can be seen in the dark) and in past years sometimes carried a small red light beneath his. Such was sympathy that he could command higher fees in the races that previously followed the Tour. In 1939 and 1948 the organisers excluded the last rider every day, to encourage more competitive racing. Prize money in 2013 Euros in the Tour de France.Prize money has always been awarded.

From 20,000 the first year,prize money has increased each year, although from 1976 to 1987 the first prize was an apartment offered by a race sponsor. The first prize in 1988 was a car, a studio-apartment, a work of art, and 500,000 francs in cash. Prizes only in cash returned in 1990.Prizes and bonuses are awarded for daily placings and final placings at the end of the race.

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In 2009, the winner received 450,000 €, while each of the 21 stage winners won 8,000 € (10,000 € for the team time-trial stage). The winners of the points classification and mountains classification each win 25,000 €, the young rider competition and the combativity prize 20,000 €; the winner of the (calculated by adding the cumulative times of the best three riders in each team) receives 50 000 €.The, in memory of the founder of the Tour, is awarded to the first rider over the where his monument stands, or to the first rider over the highest col in the Tour. A similar award, the, is made at the summit of the, at the memorial to, Desgrange's successor.Stages The modern tour typically has 21 stages, one per day.Mass-start stages.

A collected peloton in theThe Tour directors categorise stages into 'flat', 'hilly', or 'mountain'. This affects the points awarded in the sprint classification, whether the 3 kilometer rule is operational, and the permitted disqualification time in which riders must finish (which is the winners' time plus a pre-determined percentage of that time).

Time bonuses of 10, 6, and 4 seconds are awarded to the first three finishers, though this was not done from 2008 to 2014. Bonuses were previously also awarded to winners of intermediate sprints.Time trials. Altitude profile of the climbSince 1975 the race has finished with.

As the peloton arrives in downtown Paris the does a three-jet flyover with the three colors of the French flag in smoke behind them. This stage rarely challenges the leader because it is flat and the leader usually has too much time in hand to be denied. In modern times, there tends to be a gentlemen's agreement: while the points classification is still contended if possible, the overall classification is not fought over; because of this, it is not uncommon for the de facto winner of the overall classification to ride into Paris holding a glass of champagne. The only time the was attacked in a manner that lasted all the way through the end of this stage was during the.

In 1987, vowed to attack during the stage to challenge the 40-second lead held. He was unsuccessful and he and Roche finished in the peloton.

In 2005, controversy arose when attacked and won the stage, in the process taking fifth place overall from. This attack was not a threat to the overall lead, but was a long-shot at the Podium standings, as Vinokourov was about five minutes behind 3rd place.In 1989 the last stage was a time trial. Overtook to win by eight seconds, the closest margin in the Tour's history.The climb of has become one of the more noted mountain stages. During the it was the scene of a 15.5 kilometres (9.6 mi) mountain time trial on the 16th stage. Riders complained of abusive spectators who threatened their progress up the climb. On this stage it is not uncommon for a low end estimate of the spectators in attendance to number 300,000. During a famous head to head battle between Anquetil and on it was estimated that at least a half a million people were on hand.

Is often claimed to be the hardest in the Tour because of the harsh conditions. Another notable mountain stage frequently featured climbs the, the most visited mountain in the history of the Tour. Is the most visited mountain in the Alps. The stage to Galibier marked the 100th anniversary of the mountain in the Tour and also boasted the highest finish altitude ever: 2,645 metres (8,678 ft).

Some mountain stages have become memorable because of the weather. An example is a stage in from to. A snowstorm at the start area led to a shortening of the stage from 190 kilometres (120 mi) to just 46 kilometres (29 mi). During the multiple landslides and hail storms forced two critical mountain stages to be considerably shortened.

Authorities made every effort to plow the road and make the course safe, but the volume of hail, mud and debris proved too much.To host a stage start or finish brings prestige and business to a town. The prologue and first stage are particularly prestigious. The race may start with a prologue (too short to go between towns) in which case the start of the next day's racing, which would be considered stage 1, would usually be in the same town. In 2007 director said that 'in general, for a period of five years we have the Tour start outside France three times and within France twice.' Advertising caravan.

Part of the crowd during most days of the Tour is who, in a red costume, has been the Tour devil since 1993.The Tour is an important cultural event for fans in Europe. Millions line the route, some having camped for a week to get the best view. Crowds flanking the course are reminiscent of the community festivals that are part of another form of cycle racing in a different country – the.The Tour de France appealed from the start not just for the distance and its demands but because it played to a wish for national unity, a call to what called the France 'of earth and deaths' or what Georges Vigarello called 'the image of a France united by its earth.' See also:Cyclists who have died during the Tour de France:. 1910: French racer drowned at the during a rest day.

1935: Spanish racer plunged down a ravine on the. 1967: 13 July, Stage 13: died of heart failure during the ascent of Mont Ventoux.